The word(s) are separated by a comma. When a dependent clause begins a sentence, a comma must follow it: Because we jumped in the pool, we were soaked. In that case we use two commas to set it off. Example: My estate goes to my husband, son, daughter-in-law, and nephew. Use a comma after phrases of more than three words that begin a sentence. I have more good news for you. Commas in Lists - Grammar Monster Fido was a lovely, vibrant dog. Comma Before "Rather": The Definite Guide (Rules & Examples) These commas go by many names. I'm sorry if this question has been asked before, however, I still don't quite understand the use of a comma before the word which. Newspapers and magazines do not generally use this rule as print space is too valuable to use on what might be considered extraneous punctuation. The rules for using a comma before a conjunction like "and," "or," and "but" are not simple because it depends how the conjunction is being used and what . Use a comma when a conjunctive adverb begins, interrupts, or concludes a sentence. On the other hand is not a conjunction. In American English usage, many writers and editors feel that a comma should precede and with three or more items in a series.. It all depends on the context. (The omission of the comma before "jump" means that he did actually jump—but for a reason other than the fact that he was scared.) Unless - English Grammar Today - a reference to written and spoken English grammar and usage - Cambridge Dictionary The true sticklers for grammar will say no, because "besides" is a conjunction (or I guess more specifically a conjunctive adverb), and many believe that the rule is that sentences shouldn't begin with conjunctions. Rule 11. Definition of other than that in the Idioms Dictionary. Compare the two sentences: Note: When the last comma in a series comes before and or or (after daughter-in-law in the above example), it is known as the Oxford comma.Most newspapers and magazines drop the Oxford comma in a simple series, apparently . Check out these comma rules to learn when to use a comma, when you shouldn't and when it . Commas should sometimes be placed before - and after - names and titles. I'm not going, then.". 1. When there are two independent clauses that are joined by a coordinate conjunction, — and, but, or, nor — a comma goes before the conjunction. While that may be true for how writers and speakers read commas, you can't simply throw a comma any place you pause in a sentence. In numbers longer than four digits, commas separate the numbers into groups of three, starting from the right side. Commas are used to separate list items. If it were in the best interests of the . Note the commas in the following sentences. You should insert a comma before the conjunction. That would exclude birds, fish, and other animals that have no legs at all and insects such as spiders that have way more appendages. But when should you use a comma? 2.2 "Rather" as a predeterminer. When you have two complete sentences—with two subjects and two verbs—you need more than a comma to separate them. When giving a short and simple list of things in a sentence, the last comma (right before the conjunction-usually and or or) is optional, but it is never wrong. Ben Yagoda addressed some of the questions in the comments, as well as a few other points about the comma, in a follow-up post. When you join two independent clauses with a coordinating conjunction, place a comma before the coordinating conjunction. And: Do you want a slice of pizza? 10. However, if you replace London by some city or town that is known to have multiple beaches, then the presence of the definite article in front of beach (the beach) makes the adverbial reading more likely: the alternative would tend to imply that there is only one beach in that locality. You can use the same three-part rule for a sentence with and, or, yet, and so. Answer (1 of 8): It would depend on what follows "otherwise", if anything follows it. other than that phrase. Thus you can see that while "some people" may omit the final comma, the wise writer will use it 99% of the time because it just makes good sense. Rule of thumb: a comma indicates a pause in speech. When should you use a comma? To understand what that is, we need to learn about participles: According to the Grammar Desk Reference , "Participles take two forms: present participles always end in -ing, and past participles . 8. 1. On the other hand, a well-placed semi-colon can add nuance and subtlety to any kind of writing. Sometimes, the comma indicates a pause that would occur if the sentence were spoken aloud. (There are other coordinating conjunctions, but these three are by far the most common.) Adding the comma did not change the meaning of any words in the sentence except for one: as. Other times, the comma separates grammatical components of the sentence. Many people are uncertain about the use of commas, though, and often sprinkle them throughout their writing without knowing the basic rules. . Whether to put a comma before than in a sentence of the general form "What better way to do X than with a Y" is a style issue. Like a period or colon, it often marks the end of . While the colon is simply two dots stacked : the semicolon is a dot hovering over a comma ; The semicolon does jobs that are also done by other punctuation marks, but puts its own spin on the task. This is because another way of saying these two sentences would be "If Bob is going to the party, then I am not going.". The EditorConfig option names for these rules start with dotnet_ prefix. The comma is up to you. NO After Tiffany got Leonardo DiCaprio's autograph, but before she could look at it, she fainted cold at the star's . When you insert a comma before as, its meaning changes to "because.". In this use of . Don't use a comma before the conjunction when the second clause can't stand alone. Always place a comma before or when it begins an independent clause, but if it begins a dependent clause, don't. In a series (or list) of three or more items, you can use a comma before or, but this is a preference, not a rule. Words like "and," "or," and "but" are known as coordinating conjunctions. OR On February 14, many couples give each other candy or flowers. Before we reveal which sentence needs a comma and which doesn't, let's go back to a term from the beginning of the show: participial phrase. With coordinate adjectives you can put "and" between them and the meaning is the same. Still, it sounds like a good idea. comma splice My cat meowed angrily, I knew she wanted food. Used properly, commas make the meaning of sentences clear by grouping and separating words, phrases, and clauses. A series includes 3 or more items of the same type (words or groups of words). Quotation marks and fragmentary quotes. In addition, they dance. The rules fall into the following categories: .NET formatting rules: Rules that apply to both C# and Visual Basic. 2 The many faces of "rather". Similarly, you can swap their order. 2. This is largely the result of the many different ways the comma is used. Margie Wakeman Wells October 25, 2020 The Comma, The Question Mark Leave a Comment. This page explains when to use commas in lists, has lots of examples, and includes an interactive exercise. In the above sentence, the coordinating conjunction and doesn't connect two independent clauses (each with its own subject and verb). To follow comma rules, you should probably become familiar with them first. Let's start with the fact that unless a name or title is the last word (s) in a sentence, it can either be used with no commas at all, OR with a comma both before and after. Also note that no comma is placed between the number and the other modifiers.
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